2016年5月11日 星期三

米食內的砷(Arsenic)

看到這個新聞令人驚訝,一般米食內有砷(Arsenic),為了嬰兒的生長發育,所以要去限制嬰兒食品內的砷含量?

MEDICAL NEWS | PHYSICIAN'S FIRST WATCH
April 4, 2016
FDA Moves to Limit Inorganic Arsenic in Infant Rice Cereal

FDA調查,和其他食物相比,無機砷在米類中的濃度較高,因為稻米植物會從環境中吸取較多的砷元素(砷存在於土壤、空氣、和水中)。因為嬰兒體重輕,所以米類食物較成人而言,嬰兒所攝取的比例較高,特別是在8個月時候的嬰兒。

FDA提出無機砷的濃度限制,不高於 100 parts per billion (ppb)。在2014年FDA的調查 ,大約有一半的檢測嬰兒食品,達到100 ppb的上限。而,75%的檢測品,砷低於110 ppb。

FDA在這公告後90天內,歡迎各界的意見提出。

Arsenic in Rice and Rice Products http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodborneIllnessContaminants/Metals/ucm319870.htm
Arsenic is an element in the Earth’s crust, and is present in water, air, and soil. It exists in two forms, with the inorganic form considered to be the more toxic. The FDA has been monitoring the levels of arsenic in foods for decades and in 2011, after new methods to differentiate the forms of arsenic became available, the agency expanded its testing to help better understand and manage possible arsenic-related risks associated with food consumption in the United States.
Rice has higher levels of inorganic arsenic than other foods, in part because as rice plants grow, the plant and grain tend to absorb arsenic more readily than other food crops. In April 2016, the FDA proposed an action level, or limit, of 100 parts per billion (ppb) for inorganic arsenic in infant rice cereal. This level, which is based on the FDA’s assessment of a large body of scientific information, seeks to reduce infant exposure to inorganic arsenic. The agency also has developed advice on rice consumption for pregnant women and the caregivers of infants. 
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附上三年前的新聞

米製品砷含量高? 台灣米沒問題

丹麥禽畜及食品管理局15日說,米糕與米漿等米製品含致癌物質「無機砷」,且含量高到讓人無法接受,父母應停止給孩子食用。
禽畜及食品管理局表示,無機砷天然存在於稻米中,「民眾每天食用含無機砷的產品,可能增加罹癌風險」。
美國「消費者報導」去年11月曾檢驗200種不同的米製品,發現幾乎所有產品都含有機砷與「大量」無機砷。
農委會農業藥物毒物試驗所長費雯綺表示,我國稻米重金屬檢測,偶爾會檢出砷,但都在安全容許值0.5PPM以下。事實上,一旦砷的濃度過高,水稻就會死亡,無法收穫。台灣米沒有砷污染的問題,民眾可安心。
林口長庚醫院臨床毒物科主任林杰樑指出,目前全球僅中國訂定稻米無機砷含量上限150ppb,有鑑於我國以稻米為主食,建議主管機關儘速訂定相關標準。(文:國際新聞中心、記者鍾麗華、洪素卿)

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